Top 3 Celebrity Steroid Use Cases

Steroids have been in use for many years, and have been used by a number of different celebrities. In the United States, prescription is the only way of getting most steroids. In spite of this, many sports players have often turned to steroids in order to help with their strength and endurance. This is in spite of the negative effects that the steroids can have on a person's body. If you are going to use steroids, then it is a good idea to consider the options and understand that they need to be used in balance with exercise and a healthy diet. For those who want to find out more, it is a good idea to speak to your general practitioner. Below is a list of some of the most well-known cases of where celebrities have taken steroids and performance enhancing substances.

Maron Jones

Many people may know Maron Jones as being a champion when it came to track and field. One of her greatest achievements was in 2000 at the Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. At these Olympics, Jones won five different medals and had a colorful career in sports before that.

Maron Jones was eventually caught in what was known as the BALCO scandal. After this, all of her titles were stripped after 2007. BALCO was a specific group that had helped in the supply of anabolic steroids to numerous different athletes. Maron Jones was of course not the only one to have had her titles stripped, but she is the one that many people in the United States would remember. When Jones admitted that she had indeed taken steroids, it also came out that she had lied to two different juries. As a result of this, Jones was sentenced to six months in jail.

Tim Montgomery

Tim Montgomery is also known as being one of those athletes who were involved in BALCO. Like Maron Jones, he was a champion when it came to the area of track and field. He trained and associated closely with Maron Jones. Montgomery is now retired from sports, but when the case came to light, he was banned from professional sports for two years.

Ken Caminiti

A lot of people these days are aware of anabolic steroids as performance enhancing drugs thanks to what happened to Ken Caminiti. Caminiti was well-known around 1996. He played for the Atlanta Braves and won a variety of different awards. Just some of his awards include the Golden Gloves.

In the world of baseball, Caminiti was one of the first players who eventually admitted that he had used steroids in order to enhance his performance. It was thanks to Caminiti's admission that people began to take a closer look at things like anabolic steroids.

All of these cases have left their mark on sports people around the world. The use of steroids and other drugs are still banned in professional sports to this day. Many places will require athletes to take drug tests.

Author Bio:
Tess young writes in her blog post about harmful effects of steroids and suggests to visit our online anabolic store. She suggests the need to view our injectable products to gain more insights about steroids.

The Truth About Being Addicted To Chocolate

Does the thought of chocolate make you swoon? Do you feel woozy with hunger just by catching a whiff of chocolate? You might just be addicted to chocolate. Don't think you are alone. When I was young and started working my first job, I would spend the majority of my earnings on the stuff. I ate so much in fact that even my skin started to suffer. At the time, there wasn't a true diagnosis for chocolate addiction; thankfully times have changed and it is recognized right along with an addiction to internet, television and other things.

In my practice I came across a client who termed herself a chocoholic. She was regularly hypoglycemic and admitted to getting high from eating chocolate. It's hard to image that the stuff can have that effect, but it's a proven fact that chocolate contains natural ingredients the effect serotonin levels. During our sessions, it came to light that she gorged on chocolate when faced witemotih situations that caused her stress. Like many people facing addiction, her eating mass amounts of chocolate was her body's response to anxiety. Granted it's much better than smoking or drinking, but it still holds long term negative side effects. As a child, her rewards and punishments were based on food. The more extreme end of that would be when her mother would weigh her before each meal to determine if she would be allowed to eat that day.

This abuse turned her to a cycle of adult binging and purging which destroyed her self esteem. Food had become the controlling factor in her life preventing her from looking at situations in a normal way. During our sessions, we worked though a lot of these issues to help discover and limit the effect of the emotional triggers that caused her to binge on chocolate.

I am sure you are wondering how this may relate to you. Chocolate addiction, like any other addiction is more than a simple habit in most cases. Some clients are able to apply hypnotherapy to assist in removing the habit, but in cases where the issue stems from emotional pressures additional help is needed.

Another one of my clients admitting to being addicted to sugar; specifically chocolate, and he heard that I might be able to help him via hypnotherapy. After speaking with him at length I discovered a deep dissatisfaction in his home life. He and his partner though living together had not been intimate over the last five years. I told him that he most likely has an addiction to chocolate rather than simply a sugar habit. After receiving that bit of information he wanted to stop attending our sessions. Instead of dealing with the issue he requested that we not focus on that. I informed him that we could work on other parts of his life, however without working on the main issue, his habit would remain.

At the time he wasn't ready to deal with the real issues which I had to respect as a professional. My role is to suggest treatments that may help a person with their stress, but not to force a person into dealing with an issue before they are mentally ready. He wanted to work only on getting rid of his chocolate eating habit and nothing else. It's entirely possible that he has gotten rid of that habit, but more likely than not it has been replaced by another one.

If you are addicted to chocolate and the root cause is some form of emotional stress, only working to get rid of the habit won't prevent you from replacing it with another habit. The human mind is a pro at creating loopholes. This is the same reason many people who stop smoking or drinking turn to other habits such as eating. This all leads to weight gain in the end. If you want to lose weight, feel better, or just increase your self esteem treating the cause is the only way to cure the symptom.

Author: Sonia Devine

5 Side Effects of Drugs

Drugs are not to be messed around with and can be genuinely damaging to your health if not used as prescribed. The indiscriminate usage of medicines or substance abuse possesses its own negative effects, and some are either because of incorrect application, not taking the preventative measures or over using the medicines. A few of the recognized side effects of substance abuse as a result consist of:

1. Over dosage: although the individual does not have any inclination to increase the dose of the medication to be able to create a preferred effect, he might unintentionally take more than the required dosage either because he fails to realize what dosage he should take or due to the fact he thinks that the greater the dosage he takes the quicker the drug heals his ailment. Some over dose produce slight symptoms while some could be deadly.

2. Under dosage: another side-effect of substance abuse is under dosing. The individual might want to take the medication to be able to deal with or get rid of his condition however eventually ends up using a dosage insufficient to manage the condition or the offending organism. This means that the condition may advance unchecked because the medication taken is not really sufficient to prevent its improvement, and at the final resources and time period are lost. Death might at the same time result should the rate of acceleration of the illness is quick.

3. Drug resistance: One significant problem associated with drug under dosage is the organism that the person looks for to eliminate gets subjected to a low dosage of the medication and finally builds up resistance to it so even the usage of a greater dose of the identical medication later on will not take care of the disorder. This is actually the same reason treating malaria is becoming difficult since the plasmodium keeps building resistance to brand new suitable medicines because of under dosage. This over time means that many people wind up losing their lives to some illness that could have been healed by basic adherence to the correct medication dosage.

4. Potentiating illness: a few micro-organisms are normally safe to people even while they habit several areas of the body. These types of microorganisms that are referred to as commensal organisms can be possibly pathogenic or trigger illnesses when their organic state is changed by the indiscriminate usage of antibiotics specifically for a very extensive period of time. Because of this, antibiotics must not be mistreated or used without having a physician's prescription.

5. Drug reaction: a number of drugs can trigger serious toxic responses when used without the guidance of a doctor who must make sure that specific medicines are given at the same time with them or just before their administration to reduce their responses. However with substance abuse these types of preventive steps might not be taken prior to giving the drugs therefore increasing the likelihood of serious reactions. A few of the serious reactions are anaphylactic response, asthmatic attack, serious diarrhea, ringing in the ears, deafness, severe hypotensive response, wheal, vomiting, and so on.

John is a professional blogger writes interesting articles about Health and Rehabilitation and this article was researched and written with the help of Utah Drug Rehabilitation

Women's continued meth use

Women are more likely to use meth than other drugs and often have a harder time getting free of the drug than men.

Why Women Continue to Use Meth

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive drug that forms a quick, strong dependency, even with limited use. Once a methamphetamine addiction has begun, it is a very difficult dependency to break, and women face unique challenges in this area. Many women in turn to meth to help them lose weight and have more energy to keep up with the demands of life, including child care, work, and home care.

Many women are unwilling to seek treatment for their meth addiction because they are afraid of having their children taken away from them when their problem is revealed. Many female meth addicts are single moms with no constant father figure in the lives of their children. Addiction is an isolating disease and these women have no one to care for their children while they're in treatment, leaving them with only the option of turning their kids over to the state until they can get clean. Many women feel that it would be better to try to get clean on their own in order to stay with their children.

For those women who do manage to enter a treatment program to address their addiction, the road to recovery is a particularly difficult one. Many women who are being treated for meth leave treatment early because they are worried about their kids. Even those who do finish have a very hard time staying clean at home. The demands of raising children, attending treatment, going to work, and caring for their home cause a level of exhaustion that they feel they can only relieve by returning to meth use. Out of all of the Utah women who have managed to get clean after a meth addiction, most have failed at treatment at least once and returned to using the drug. Many of these women have lost custody of their children and even been to jail, but they still continue to use the drug.

One of the answers to the increasing meth problem in Utah is to make treatment more available to those suffering from addiction, especially women. Treatment programs tailored specifically to meet the needs and address the concerns of women can encourage moms to complete their program. Sober houses where women can live with their children during recovery have been shown to increase the success rate of staying clean after inpatient treatment is completed. Making support groups for women dealing with addiction more available and visible in our communities may also help decrease the rate of relapse.

John is a professional blogger writes interesting articles about Rehabilitation and this article was researched and written with the help of Las Vegas alcohol rehab

Big papers' Page 1 stories spotlight recovery center for pill addicts, lack of state program for problem gamblers

Gripping stories from recovering addicts, on the front pages of Kentucky's two largest newspapers this morning, highlight Kentuckians' fights against all types of addiction, from gambling to drugs.

Hope of recovery emerges from Laura Ungar's story in The Courier-Journal that focuses on the Isaiah House recovery center in Willisburg. A gymnasium at the site has been transformed into a factory of sorts, where a pill addict who has been clean three weeks polishes car parts, while a morphine addict with 103 days’ sobriety hammers nails into wood to make pallets, Ungar reports.

Work is an essential part of recovery at the Isaiah House, giving structure to chaotic lives, teaching job skills and building confidence. “It gives them a sense of purpose, of accomplishment,” Executive Director Mark LaPalme told Ungar. “They get their dignity back — that’s what work does.”

LaPalme, a Connecticut native and recovering cocaine addict, said he started Isaiah House in his basement in 1999, after a spiritual experience moved him to set aside seven bedrooms for other addicts. Today, the house helps to rebuild the lives of drug and alcohol addicts, while promoting worth ethic and responsibility throughout the recovery process (Read more).

Jack Brammer of the Lexington Herald-Leader writes about Kentucky's lack of a state program to treat problem gamblers. It is one of 13 states without such a program.

Billy Stephens, 66, Hawesville Mayor Rita Stephens' husband, said he lived a "a life of lies" with his gambling addiction, but with professional treatment, has not gambled since 2010. When he finally sought treatment, he could find no affordable treatment in Kentucky. The family had to borrow money to pay for his $6,000 treatment in a 36-day program in Louisiana, which is free to residents of the Bayou State.

"My addiction almost destroyed me," he told Brammer. "My insurance in Kentucky would have helped with my treatment if it were alcohol. But it was gambling." (Read more)

FDA likely to make hydrocodone painkillers harder to prescribe

Prescription painkillers containing hydrocodone should be placed in a more restrictive federal category, a Food and Drug Administration advisory panel of experts voted on Friday. The changes would be an effort to stem the tide of prescription painkiller abuse and addiction in the U.S., much of it in rural areas, beginning in Central Appalachia. Painkillers containing hydrocodone are the most widely prescribed drugs in the country.

Sabrina Tavernise of The New York Times reports the FDA is likely to adopt the panel's recommendations, which include limiting access to hydrocodone drugs such as Vicodin by making them harder to prescribe. Refills wouldn't be allowed without a new prescription, and faxed or called-in prescriptions wouldn't be accepted. Only a hanwritten prescription from a doctor would be allowed, and pharmacists would be required to keep the drugs in special vaults.

Many said these changes would be a key step in reducing painkiller addiction. However, dissenters in the vote were concerned that this move wouldn't make a difference. Oxycodone, the main ingredient in the highly-abused painkiller OxyContin, has been classified in a restrictive category since it was first introduced on the market but it is still widely abused, dissenters said. They also said the change could create unfair obstacles for legitimate patients. (Read more)

Pike court will keep lawsuit county and attorney general filed against Purdue Pharma over damage done by its OxyContin

A state court will hear the Kentucky attorney general's 2007 lawsuit against OxyContin manufacturer Purdue Pharma, against the wishes of the company. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit affirmed a lower court's order returning the suit to Kentucky from New York's Southern District, where Purdue wanted the case heard. The suit was filed in Pike Circuit Court, in Kentucky's easternmost county.

"After years of delay tactics, Purdue will now answer to a Kentucky court and a Kentucky jury," Attorney General Jack Conway said. Purdue Pharma spokeswoman Libby Holman said the company is disappointed by the decision, but now it is "fully prepared to vigorously defend this action on its merits, and we expect to prevail."

Then-AG Greg Stumbo and Pike County sued Purdue Pharma in October 2007, alleging that the company's "aggressive and deceptive marketing campaign saddled taxpayers with millions of dollars in social, health care and other costs," Laura Ungar of The Courier-Journal in Louisville reports. The suit also alleges the company misled health-care providers, consumers and the government about the highly addictive nature of OxyContin. The suit is largely based on admissions of guilt made by the company and several top-ranking company officials in a May 2007 Virginia federal court settlement. Purdue Pharma, its president, chief legal counsel and former medical director pleaded guilty to misleading doctors, regulators and patients about OxyContin during that case.

The nation's prescription-drug epidemic apparently began in the region, largely because of the introduction and high rate of prescription of OxyContin. Kentucky has nearly 1,000 overdose deaths a year. Conway's office said the suit against Purdue Pharma seeks reimbursement for drug-abuse programs, law-enforcement actions and prescription payments through Medicaid and the Kentucky Pharmaceutical Alliance Program. (Read more)

The Effects of Drugs on the Brain

narconon.ca

By Roger Pahuriray

There are a lot of people who are asking this same question about drugs: what happens next when a drug enters the body and makes its way to our brain? There have been recent studies about how the brain works, and the complex relationship between electrical and chemical activity, but we still have a long way to go.

How Drugs Change Personality and Behavior

Addictive drugs have the ability to activate the pleasure circuit of the brain known as the mesolimbic dopamine cortex. According to some health experts, drug addiction is a biological process which alters the way our brain's pleasure circuit functions. It is important to examine the effects of drugs on the brain's neurotransmission to understand how it works.

All drugs have the capability to change the way our brain works. This is done by affecting chemical neurotransmission. Heroin and LSD for instance, can mimic a natural neurotransmitter's effects. PCP, on the other hand, can block the receptors, thus, preventing neuronal messages from getting through. Cocaine interferes with molecules which are responsible for transporting neurotransmitters back to the neurons that initially released them. With prolonged drug use, the brain changes in long-lasting and fundamental ways. These changes are a major part of addiction.

According to statistics, parents who abuse substances are more likely to be physically violent in the home and neglect their children emotionally. What's more, violence inside the home usually manifests as physical abuse. Plus, children of drug addicts are likely to suffer from anxiety or become depressed. They are also more likely to suffer from eating disorders and make more attempts to commit suicide.

Studies on Drugs and Addiction

Drug abuse is one of the widely studied subjects in the medical field today. More and more studies are being conducted on how drugs have an effect on one's personality and behavior. With these studies, the effects of common prohibited drugs such as LSD, cocaine, ecstasy, and heroin are beginning to be uncovered. There are a number of people who once lived in sober living homes who have participated in research about the effects of drug addiction in their overall lives.

As a result of scientific studies, we are now gradually being enlightened on how addiction is a disease which affects both a person's brain and behavior. There were many biological and environmental factors identified by researchers about drug addiction. Today, they are beginning to look for some genetic variations that can contribute in development and further progression of the disease. These researches will then be beneficial in discovering effective prevention and treatment for the said disease. And sober living homes as well as rehabilitation programs will be able to fine tune their approach to ensure more successful treatment.

What is Drug Addiction?

doctortipster.com

The term addiction is identified as a relapsing brain disease, usually characterized by a compulsive drug seeking use, despite awareness of harmful effects. Addiction is considered a brain disease because drugs used and abused can change the brain's structure, and how the brain functions.

There are several reasons why people take drugs. Some of which are as follows:

• People use drugs to make them feel good. Drugs that are most abused can produce an intense feeling of pleasure. The initial sensation of bliss and euphoria will then be followed by other effects which differ from one drug type to another.
• People use drugs to feel a boost in self-esteem. There are some people who suffer from social anxiety and stress-related disorders. Because of these behavioral disorders, they tend to begin abusing drugs to lessen feelings of being distressed.
• They use drugs out of curiosity and peer pressure. Because almost everybody in their circle of friends uses drugs, they might as well use it too. This is the common mentality of most adolescents today. They enjoy engaging in daring behavior that can make them look "cool."

Effects of New Designer Drugs

People use new designer drugs because they supposedly produce better and faster highs. Studies indicate that they have the same effects as ecstasy. But while some new designer drugs are possibly semi-legal in a sense, they do have the same destructive effects on the brain as illegal drugs and cause even greater personality and behavior changes. Face-eating incidents have been attributed to the use of bath salts, though experts refute these claims. With prolonged drug use, the brain changes in long-lasting and fundamental ways. These changes are a major part in the addiction per se.

The use of drugs has a profound impact on the brain. And since the brain is the command center that controls everything we do, drug use also has a huge, debilitating impact on our personality and behavior. It is important to treat drug addiction as early as possible. Otherwise, prolonged drug use can cause long-lasting or even permanent damage to the brain, and consequently, alter behavior.

Author's Bio

Roger Pahuriray is an SEO Specialist who's had extensive experience in the Outreach Program. This time he brings his extensive SEO expertise to Casa Nuevo Vida Sober Living Homes where he tackles addiction and sobriety issues. The articles he posts will surely be informative and comprehensive especially for individuals who are in dire need of these resources. As an SEO Specialist for PinAgency.com, he works full-time catering to an impressive pool of clients like CasaNuevoVida.Com, SweetSweat.com among many others.

By Roger Pahuriray

In Thailand, prepare a strict anti-smoking law to protect teenagers

The age limit for the sale of cigarettes to be raised to 20 years, and teenagers up to 18 years will be punished for selling tobacco products

Before the end of this year the Thai health experts are planning to submit to the government a new anti-smoking law, which will replace the relevant legislation in 1992.

How to tell the bill's authors, scientists from Mahidol University, Thailand, in the new edition of the strict limits laid addressed primarily to local teens. In particular, it will be totally banned trade in tobacco products by persons under 18 years of age, and the age limit on the sale of cigarettes to be raised from 18 to 20 years. Appears and the ban on online sales of cigarettes over the Internet.

For offenders in the law will be clearly spelled out the penalties, however, exactly what the author does not specify.

Director of the Centre to organize controlled studies of tobacco products in Thailand Sirivan Pitayarangsan said that in recent years the Thai teenagers started smoking significantly more than in the past. Thus, according to the center for the past year, 9.2% of teenagers between the ages of 15 and 18 are regular smokers. Moreover, the number of adherents of this habit in the country is growing annually by 300 thousand people.

According to another study conducted by the Thai social scientists, about 56% of the two thousand respondents sophomore who formed a task force, acknowledged that the school bought cigarettes from their underage friends. Another 79% of them claim that bought cigarettes in a store near their schools. In this case, according to 74% of teenagers, no one had ever asked them, proof of age.

Mahidol University representatives expect that the proposed measures in the bill will help reduce the number of smokers among teenagers, especially taking into account the fact that adolescents are more likely to buy cigarettes just from their peers. "This ban on the sale of tobacco to minors in any way will not violate their rights" - they say.

However, as experts admit, even such a serious intensification of restrictions may not be sufficient for the southern provinces. Now the number of smokers in this part of Thailand reaches a "record" 26 percent of the population. The root of the problem, experts say, lies in the fact that "adolescent smokers here have too easy access to the abundance of cheap cigarettes smuggled goods."

Recall, now in Thailand smoking is banned in all public places, including government offices, shops, rooms of bars, restaurants and cafes. For smokers, the streets are special ashtray with sand, and at the entrances to some of the larger supermarkets have smoking rooms with extractors. In this case, on packs of cigarettes sold in Thailand, require manufacturers to print horrifying pictures related to smoking illnesses psychological impact on the adherents of this bad habit.

By Alexander Semenov

Northern Kentucky group forms in response to what some consider 'epidemic' of heroin use in their area

Ashel Kruetzkamp with a vial of Naloxone
HCl, used to treat those who overdose
on heroin. (Photo by Patrick Reddy)

Heroin use is reaching such high levels in Northern Kentucky that experts are calling it "a plague." The problem is so dire that local agencies are coming together to form the Northern Kentucky Heroin Impact and Response Workgroup.

Cincinnati Enquirer reporter Terry DeMio reports that the group includes leaders from St. Elizabeth Healthcare, law enforcement, addiction treatment programs, the Northern Kentucky Chamber of Commerce and those who have been impacted by heroin. The goal of the group is “to fight, treat and prevent the destructive force of heroin in our community,” said Dr. Jeremy Engel, a family doctor with St. Elizabeth Physicians, Bellevue. Engel spearheaded the effort based on his belief that heroin use in the area has hit “epidemic” levels.

Engel points to first nine months of 2012 when St. Elizabeth Healthcare treated 311 heroin overdose patients in the emergency rooms of its five hospitals. For the same time period in 2011, the heroin overdoses presented in those emergency rooms numbered 186. With help from the chamber, St. Elizabeth Healthcare and others, Engel is forming the task force under the NKY Vision 2015 umbrella. (Read more)

Meditation: A Journey Towards Peace

Meditation is soothing tool for everyone and thus it help to reduce stress, boast your physical health and helps to eradicate chronic pain which makes you feel better, sleep better and helps your concentration more stronger than earlier. Meditation is a doorway in the deeper level and helps us get the deepest understanding of the surroundings.

You mind will get unruly whenever you will start meditating. Be very quiet and you will feel sensation of silence all around you and your mind will be over the place. In the beginning, it's not easy to concentrate as you will notice that your mind will run here and there and will start calculating your daily objectives rather than concentrating on what you are going to focus on. Rehabilitation centers also provide such facilities to drug addicts to recover from the addiction

Don't beat yourself if you are starting with meditation. It's a natural situation. With the passage of time, you will become familiar with kindly working with the barrage of thoughts and you'll a few clarity as well as peacefulness.

Here are a few easy tips about how to begin meditating. Perhaps people that currently exercise deep breathing might make sure you include your own remarks associated with exactly what did for you personally.

1. Position

Regardless of whether a person take a seat on chair or even cross-legged on the ground, ensure that your own backbone is actually erect along with mind upward. If you're slumped the mind may float. Body and mind tend to be intertwined. In case you are well-balanced, the mind may also be within stability. In order to straighten upward, suppose your face is actually coming in contact with the actual skies.

2. Eyes

Try to keep your eyes open. Open eyes make you much more existing. Simply decrease your eye as well as allow your own look end up being kind. If you near your own eye you'll be prone to float aside upon ideas as well as stories. Nevertheless, it's vital that you perform what's comfy for you personally. Many people discover shutting their own eye a lot more efficient. It's great in order to test and find out exactly what seems greatest for you personally.

3. Concentration

Within regular awareness we seldom exist. For instance, For example, sometimes we drive the car on autopilot whilst becoming preoccupied along with ideas. All of a sudden all of us get to the location as well as don't keep in mind about the drive!

5. Counting your breath

If you're struggling settling, you can test keeping track of the breath -- that is an old deep breathing exercise. In your out breath, quietly depend "one", after that "two', or more in order to "four". After that it go back to "one". If you discover your ideas possess strayed far or even you are keeping track of "thirty-three", merely go back to "one". In this manner, "one" is much like arriving house to the present moment. It's great to come back with no backward look.

Author Bio: Anna is a person with a passion for writing. She has written many articles on various topics as rehabilitation centers, for more information you can check her other blogs.

Smoking Cigarettes, Smoker Turn to Electronic Cigarettes

A recent study in Korea discovers that those smoking over 20 cigarettes per day may be as much as three times as likely to suffer a potentially fatal SAH (subarachnoid hemorrhage). Researchers appeal to smokers to turn to electronic cigarettes which are much healthier. IECMA (International Electronic Cigarette Manufacturers Association) advises smokers to select big brand-name electronic cigarettes manufactured by large electronic cigarette OEM factories like KIMREE, JSB and JOYETECH.

The study carried out by Seoul National University Hospital shows that heavy smokers may be as much as three times as likely to suffer a potentially fatal SAH (subarachnoid hemorrhage). Heavy smoke here means smoking over 20 cigarettes per day. Therefore, researchers appeal to smokers to quit smoking or turn to electronic cigarettes.

"Electronic Cigarettes aim at providing people a healthier lifestyle. Comparing to traditional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes are nonflammable without no tar, other carcinogenic substance or 4000 chemical substances. But the market is full of counterfeit and shoddy products, smokers should be careful when choosing electronic cigarettes. We generally suggest big brand-name electronic cigarettes manufactured by large electronic cigarette OEM factories like KIMREE." said James Schneider, the CEO of IECMA.

Andre, Sales Director of KIMREE, said, "Since foundation, KIMREE has been adhering to the principle of 'quality first' and offering high-quality products. We really hope more and more smokers recover."

Cigarettes were always known to damage one's lungs as well as risk one at getting a heart ailment. Even e-cigarettes were proved as wrong to be recommended, even as they were thought an alternative to tobacco consumption. Now, researchers warn you should be highly alert if you are even living with a smoker.

A recent report revealed by a team at the Northumbria University has pinpointed that not only second-hand smoking can prove injurious for one's lungs or heart, but the same can also jeopardize him by destroying his memory.

The claims are evident from a study, which included a number of non-smokers, with some who are exposed to smoke each day when living with a smoker.

It was found that the ones spending some 25 hours a week with smokers were more likely to forget things. Testing all on time-based as well event-based memory, it was noted that the exposed ones forgot 20% higher than the ones who did not get exposed. However, both the groups were not overdoing current smokers, who forgot 30% more than them.

Thus, Dr. Tom Heffernan concluded, "Our findings suggest the deficits associated with second-hand smoke exposure extend to everyday cognitive function".

Largest-ever tobacco study finds 'urgent need' for policy change

About half the men in numerous developing nations use tobacco, and women in those regions are taking up smoking at an earlier age than they used to, according to what is being called the largest-ever international study on tobacco use.

The study, which covered enough representative samples to estimate tobacco use among 3 billion people, "demonstrates an urgent need for policy change in low- and middle-income countries," said lead researcher Gary Giovino, whose report was published in the British medical journal The Lancet.

The figures bolster statements by the World Health Organization that while much of the industrialized world, including the United States, has seen a substantial reduction in smoking in recent years, the opposite trend is under way in parts of the developing world.

Australian tobacco packaging laws misguided
This week, Australia's high court upheld a rule that tobacco products must be in plain packaging without logos and bear graphic health warnings.

Other success stories include New Zealand, Ireland, and Britain, said Tusan D'Espaignet. Two of the countries in the new GATS study Turkey and Uruguay are also showing improvement due to such measures, he said.

The study got some of its funding from New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg's philanthropy, as well as the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation.

Bloomberg Philanthropies says that in 2007, it supported the WHO's efforts "to package and promote six proven policies to reduce tobacco use worldwide. These strategies including protecting people from tobacco smoke, offering help to quit, raising awareness about the dangers of tobacco through warning labels and public education campaigns, enforcing tobacco advertising bans, and raising the price of tobacco products are proven to reduce smoking rates. "

Since that initiative began in 2007, "21 countries have passed 100% smoke-free laws, the percentage of people protected from second-hand smoke has increased 400%, and almost four billion people worldwide are now protected by at least one of the six proven tobacco control policies," the group said.

By Josh Levs, CNN

How To Raise Your Self-Esteem

Things You Can Do Right Away Every Day to Raise Your Self-esteem

Often in both addiction and in recovery or self-esteem can be low. It really is hard to feel good about yourself when you are active in your addiction or testing the waters of beginning recovery. Here are some sobriety tips an helping your self esteem.

Pay attention to your own needs and wants. Listen to what your body, your mind, and your heart are telling you. For instance, if your body is telling you that you have been sitting down too long, stand up and stretch. If your heart is longing to spend more time with a special friend, do it. If your mind is telling you to clean up your basement, listen to your favorite music, or stop thinking bad thoughts about yourself, take those thoughts seriously.

Take very good care of yourself. As you were growing up you may not have learned how to take good care of yourself. In fact, much of your attention may have been on taking care of others, on just getting by, or on "behaving well." Begin today to take good care of yourself. Treat yourself as a wonderful parent would treat a small child or as one very best friend might treat another. If you work at taking good care of yourself, you will find that you feel better about yourself. Here are some ways to take good care of yourself

Eat healthy foods and avoid junk foods (foods containing a lot of sugar, salt, or fat). A healthy daily diet is usually:
1. Five or six servings of vegetables and fruit
2. Six servings of whole grain foods like bread, pasta, cereal, and rice
3. Two servings of protein foods like beef, chicken, fish, cheese, cottage cheese, or yogurt

• Exercise. Moving your body helps you to feel better and improves your self-esteem. Arrange a time every day or as often as possible when you can get some exercise, preferably outdoors. You can do many different things. Taking a walk is the most common. You could run, ride a bicycle, play a sport, climb up and down stairs several times, put on a tape, or play the radio and dance to the music-anything that feels good to you. If you have a health problem that may restrict your ability to exercise, check with your doctor before beginning or changing your exercise habits.

1. Do personal hygiene tasks that make you feel better about yourself-things like taking a regular shower or bath, washing and styling your hair, trimming your nails, brushing and flossing your teeth.
2. Have a physical examination every year to make sure you are in good health.
3. Plan fun activities for yourself. Learn new things every day.

• Take time to do things you enjoy. You may be so busy, or feel so badly about yourself, that you spend little or no time doing things you enjoy-things like playing a musical instrument, doing a craft project, flying a kite, or going fishing. Make a list of things you enjoy doing. Then do something from that list every day. Add to the list anything new that you discover you enjoy doing.
• Get something done that you have been putting off. Clean out that drawer. Wash that window. Write that letter. Pay that bill.
• Do things that make use of your own special talents and abilities. For instance, if you are good with your hands, then make things for yourself, family, and friends. If you like animals, consider having a pet or at least playing with friends' pets.
• Dress in clothes that make you feel good about yourself. If you have little money to spend on new clothes, check out thrift stores in your area.
• Give yourself rewards you are a great person. Listen to a CD or tape.
• Spend time with people who make you feel good about yoursel people who treat you well. Avoid people who treat you badly.
• Make your living space a place that honors the person you are. Whether you live in a single room, a small apartment, or a large home, make that space comfortable and attractive for you. If you share your living space with others, have some space that is just for you-a place where you can keep your things and know that they will not be disturbed and that you can decorate any way you choose.
• Display items that you find attractive or that remind you of your achievements or of special times or people in your life. If cost is a factor, use your creativity to think of inexpensive or free ways that you can add to the comfort and enjoyment of your space.
• Make your meals a special time. Turn off the television, radio, and stereo. Set the table, even if you are eating alone. Light a candle or put some flowers or an attractive object in the center of the table. Arrange your food in an attractive way on your plate. If you eat with others, encourage discussion of pleasant topics. Avoid discussing difficult issues at meals.
• Take advantage of opportunities to learn something new or improve your skills. Take a class or go to a seminar. Many adult education programs are free or very inexpensive. For those that are more costly, ask about a possible scholarship or fee reduction.
• Begin doing those things that you know will make you feel better about yourself like going on a diet, beginning an exercise program or keeping your living space clean.
• Do something nice for another person. Smile at someone who looks sad. Say a few kind words to the check-out cashier. Help your spouse with an unpleasant chore. Take a meal to a friend who is sick. Send a card to an acquaintance. Volunteer for a worthy organization.
• Make it a point to treat yourself well every day. Before you go to bed each night, write about how you treated yourself well during the day.

You may be doing some of these things now. There will be others you need to work on. You will find that you will continue to learn new and better ways to take care of yourself. As you incorporate these changes into your life, your self esteem will continue to improve. You should now have some new sobriey tools in your arsenal.

Chemical Dependency

There are definite phases of recovery from chemical dependency, and several different models that have been put forward. In my never ending quest to simplify things let's look at these three phases of recovery: early recovery, middle recovery and late stage recovery.

Each stage of recovery has certain tasks and signs of growth that are appropriate to that particular stage. Chemical dependency is a disease that causes a person to lose control over their use of mood altering drugs or alcohol. This loss of control not only affects their use of the substance, but affects the user holistically causing physical, psychological, spiritual and relationship problems. Let's take a look at the three stages of recovery:

Early Recovery: The necessary task to be accomplished in early recovery is abstinence. It is only after we have stopped taking the substance that Sobriety is abstinence in addition to a return to a healthy physical, psychological, spiritual and social lifestyle. In early recovery we want to learn the skills needed to become comfortable abstaining, not just hanging on by our fingernails.

Middle Recovery Stage: We have become comfortable in abstinence, now our task is to continue to change our lives for the better. We want to adjust our thinking and feeling so that a return to using is simply not an option. We also want to examine and start to repair damages caused by our addiction and attain a balanced lifestyle. We want to make it a priority to get relationships with ourselves, family, spiritual and our social environment in order. If something needs to be done we admit it and take some action to make it right. Middle recovery ends when we achieve "balance". We move on to the next stage when a good degree of stability and peace has returned.

Late Stage Recovery: Having a stable and secure recovery foundation under us here we may want to look at and resolve long standing issues or obstacles to health and happiness. These may be childhood issues such as abandonment or the development of low self esteem. Perhaps we came from a "dysfunctional" family system and got very mixed messages growing up that need to be addressed. This stage is marked by growth and challenge to become more than we had limited ourselves to previously.

Movement through these stages is not so much a function of how long you may have been abstinent, but rather what you accomplish in the phases of recovery.

By BILL URELL

Definition Of Addiction

How many legitimate definitions of addiction are there? There are hundreds-literally hundreds.

Which one is the best? Actually, there are several good ones. Read on.

Morse & Flavin's (RM Morse,DK Flavin JAMA, 1992 Am Med Assoc) definition of addiction represents the one traditionally utilized by treatment centers and substance abuse counselors. It is very good and touches all of the bases. Published in The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 68, No.8, Morse & Flavin defined addiction thusly (paraphrased for simplicity):

• Addiction is a primary, progressive, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over use of the substance, preoccupation with the substance, use of the substance despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (1994)

The DSM IV (1994) relies on symptoms for its definition. The DSM says that addiction, or dependence, is present in an individual who demonstrates any combination of three or more of the following symptoms (paraphrased for simplicity), occurring at any time in the same 12-month period:

• Preoccupation with use of the chemical between periods of use.
• Using more of the chemical than had been anticipated.
• The development of tolerance to the chemical in question.
• A characteristic withdrawal syndrome from the chemical.
• Use of the chemical to avoid or control withdrawal symptoms.
• Repeated efforts to cut back or stop the drug use.
• Intoxication at inappropriate times (such as at work), or when withdrawal interferes with daily functioning (such as when hangover makes person too sick to go to work).
• A reduction in social, occupational or recreational activities in favor of further substance use.
• Continued substance use in spite of the individual having suffered social, emotional, or physical problems related to drug use.

By BILL URELL

Therapy for smoking kills the pleasure of nicotine

Can't kick cigarettes? A vaccine may one day help by preventing nicotine from reaching its target in the brain, according to research published this week.

Most smoking therapies do a poor job of stopping the habit 70% to 80% of smokers who use an approved drug therapy to quit relapse. Scientists say this is because the targets of existing therapies are imperfect, only slightly weakening nicotine's ability to find its target in the brain.

So some scientists have been trying a different approach creation of a vaccine. It would work like this: People would inject the vaccine like a shot, and the vaccine would create nicotine antibodies, molecules that can snatch up nicotine from the bloodstream before it reaches the brain. The vaccine could be used by smokers who want to quit or people who are worried about getting addicted to cigarettes in the future.

Researchers have tried to create vaccines in the past, but the ones they've come up with have not been particularly effective. The authors of the new study say this may be because previous vaccines just didn't create enough antibodies to get rid of all the nicotine.

The new report, published in the journal Science Translational Medicine, attempts to solve this problem via gene therapy, in which a new gene is inserted into the body to do a particular job.

First the scientists at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City put a gene that produces a nicotine antibody into mice. The gene was taken into the mice's livers, and the liver started producing the antibody. Once produced, the antibody connected with nicotine, trapping it and preventing it from making its way to the brain, where it would otherwise have caused the pleasurable, addictive effects it is so known for.

Because of this trick, the researchers say that the new vaccine should only have to be injected once, and it will work for life, continuing to produce new antibodies in the liver.

The vaccine was effective: When mice were given nicotine intravenously, ones with the vaccine had a 47-fold drop in levels of nicotine in the blood compared with ones that hadn't received the vaccine. The antibody had successfully captured the nicotine in the bloodstream before it could reach the brain.

The work is still preliminary, and the authors admit the technology is far from ready for human use; it has only been used in rodents so far. But given the results, and the continued public health effect of smoking, it may not be too long before all those boxes of Nicorette are replaced with a single trip to the doctor's office.

By Jon Bardin, Los Angeles Times

Coventry changes course, will pay for addiction-treatment drug

Reversing its decision, likely after it was pressured to do so, a Medicaid managed-care organization will continue to pay for a drug used to treat drug addiction.

Coventry Cares said it "decided to change course after talking to representatives of a chain of addition treatment clinics that threatened last week to sue Coventry," reports Beth Musgrave for the Lexington Herald-Leader.

Last week, the Cabinet for Health and Family Services sent Coventry a letter expressing its displeasure about the MCO's move, saying it would be a contractual violation. The drug in question is Suboxone, an expensive treatment option for addicts dependent on taking opioids such as Oxycontin and Vicodin. Coventry had said it was aligning its coverage in keeping with Medicaid policy, moving to only cover the full price of the drug for pregnant or recently pregnant women and youth under 21.

After the MCO discussed the issue with SelfRefind, the chain of addiction treatment clinics in question, "Coventry understands their concerns," said Coventry spokesman Eyles. "As a result, we will continue covering Suboxone and similar medicines for all Coventry members while we work through the cabinet's process to determine whether these drugs should be covered for certain categories of Medicaid recipients or everyone." (Read more)

Medicaid managed-care firm Coventry plans to stop paying for expensive drug that curtails addiction

Coventry Cares, one of the four firms that manage patient care for the state Medicaid program, has once again hit the headlines, this time for its plans to stop paying for medicine that helps addicts keep their opioid addiction at bay. State officials quickly condemned the move Thursday and called it a contract violation, reports Beth Musgrave of the Lexington Herald-Leader.

Coventry decided to stop paying for buprenorphine, more commonly known as Suboxone, which helps curtain cravings for drugs such as Oxycontin and Vicodin. A 30-day supply of the drug can cost more than $450, Musgrave reports.

"They will be at risk for relapsing and going back to using illegal opioids," Dr. Michelle Lofwall, an addiction specialist and assistant professor at the University of Kentucky, told Musgrave. "Whenever you are using illegal opioids, there is a risk of overdose and death."

Coventry said it will no longer offer the coverage because only pregnant women, women who recently gave birth and those under the age of 21 are eligible for addiction treatment in Kentucky's Medicaid program. "What we've done is align our coverage with the cabinet's Medicaid policy," said Matt Eyles, a Coventry spokesman.

However, the state Cabinet for Health and Family Services said the decision violates the contract and "cannot take this unilateral action without the cabinet's approval," said Jill Midkiff, a cabinet spokeswoman. 

A company that operates addiction treatment centers across the state was planning to file suit over the move Friday, but, after learning of the cabinet's reaction, "We are going to give them the chance to work this out," Anna Whites, an attorney who represents SelfRefind.

Coventry already caused controversy this week when it informed Baptist Health System wants to renegotiate its contract. The move comes just a week after Coventry and Appalachian Regional Healthcare came to a temporary agreement after Coventry threatened to terminate its contract and ARH sued Coventry. The company has also told King's Daughters Medical Center in Ashland it will terminate its contract after May 26. (Read more)

Need for painkillers and social support, shortage of treatment programs, feeds prescription drug abuse in Appalachian Ky.

By Ivy Brashear
Kentucky Health News

Taking opioids is still the best way to treat patients with pain, but the drugs are addictive because they do more than just alleviate physical suffering — they cause patients to feel good too. That's causing big problems in Kentucky, the state with the highest rate of opioid use and overdose.

In Perry County, for example, prescription medicines are the drugs of choice, second only to marijuana, and users may get more of them from relatives than from doctors. And their drug use appears to be part of a social support system.

Those were the findings of three separate studies presented at the second annual Appalachian Health Summit in Lexington last week.

Prescription-drug abuse is "an epidemic" that "seems to have started in rural Appalachia," Jennifer Havens, an associate professor in the University of Kentucky Department of Behavioral Science, said in presenting a study showing how disease spreads through the region.

Havens’ study of Hazard and Perry County found that prescription drug abuse in the county is second to marijuana use, and that painkiller abuse among high school seniors is at the same rate as in adults.

Though it’s not clear why prescription drug abuse is so rampant in the region, Havens speculated that lack of availability of other “hard” drugs, like heroin and cocaine, has led Appalachian drug users to turn to prescription medicine to get high. There are few drug-treatment options for users in the region, and many hospitals aren’t “financially viable” to care for drug abusers, she said.

An earlier study in which Havens was involved revealed that rural adults use more “alternate” methods to take drugs, including snorting and injecting. The study compared drug users in Perry County to those in Louisville and found that more than 40 percent of adults in the Hazard area were injecting prescription drugs to get high, and youth there were 25 percent more likely than those in Louisville to abuse such drugs.

The study found high rates of sharing drug-taking instruments, which increases risk for diseases such as hepatitis and HIV, Havens said. Almost 90 percent of participants said they shared snorting straws, and almost 1 in 3 said they shared syringes. No cases of HIV were found among the participants, but almost 43.7 percent of the 500 interviewed had hepatitis-C, and 11.5 percent had herpes-2.

Eighty percent were lifetime users, and about half first abused Oxycontin through injection. Havens said 28 percent of users had overdosed, and 58 percent had witnessed an overdose.

The study also found that a person’s likelihood of continuing drug use correlated with higher levels of social support, which Havens said contradicts long-held assumptions that drug users continue to abuse prescription pills because of low social support.

“Most people in the study depended on people also using drugs for social support,” Havens said. “As you can imagine, that’s not a good idea.”

No good alternative to prescribing painkillers

Despite widespread opioid abuse in Appalachia, such drugs are “still the best pain therapy,” UK physiology professor Karin Westlund High reported.

The purpose of her study was to determine what effect a high-fat and alcohol diet would have on “visceral pain” in the pancreas, and then what effect opioid gene therapy would have on the organ.

There are clusters of Appalachian counties at high risk for pancreatitis, which can lead to pancreatic cancer. Severe abdominal pain is associated with both, and morphine is typically used to treat it. However, High said, patients usually develop a tolerance to the drug over time.

She and other researchers used rats to test an opioid gene therapy involving herpes simplex-1, which 90 percent of Americans already have, to see if it would reduce pancreatitis pain without building tolerance in the rats. After 10 weeks of treatment, there was no tolerance present and the therapy seemed to be reversing damaged sections of the pancreas caused by the disease.

While opioids are effective in alleviating pain, "There are lots of different kinds of pain, but most opioids act as if they treat the same pain,” said Michelle Lofwall, a UK psychiatry and behavioral science assistant professor. Lofwall set out to discover how pain affects prescription drug abuse, since that is the main reason such drugs are prescribed or first used.

Her study participants, who were all drug users, placed one arm in a cooler of ice to elicit pain, and then were asked about pain levels. The test was repeated after a dose of painkiller.  Researchers were attempting to give the drug to treat patients’ pain only, and not to have the patient feel a high when the drug was in their system, but that failed.

“Unfortunately, in my patients I wanted to say, ‘Yes, let’s treat your pain and you won’t feel any good effects’,” Lofwall said. “I wasn’t able to say that to them.” She said they are now trying to help doctors better prescribe pain medication so that habits aren’t formed.

One of the biggest habit-forming painkillers is Oxycontin, which was introduced in 1996 but wasn’t abused on a large scale until doctors had to start documenting pain in 1999, Lofwall said. Sales of, treatment for, and death from prescription drug abuse have increased since then. She noted that Kentucky has the highest rates of opioid use and overdose.

The makers of Oxycontin have reformulated the drug to make it harder to crush, mix with water and snort, but a new drug has risen to take its place: Opana. Lofwall said researchers have been trying to study Opana use, but can’t get a study supply because it is in such high demand. She said she has seen more of a rise in heroin use by her patients because even heroin is easier to get than Opana.

Though legislators are grappling to curb the proliferation of "pill mills" in the state, Lofwall said "doctor shopping" may not be the problem it's been billed to be. According to the National Household Survey on Drug Use and Health, 56 percent of users get their supply from a relative, of whom 85 percent have a prescription from one doctor. The drug abuser may get the drug from the relative as a gift, by paying for it or by stealing it.

Asked about the Kentucky All Schedule Prescription Electronic Reporting system, which allows doctors to search a database for “doctor shoppers” before prescribing pain pills, Lofwall said KASPER is limited because it only covers Kentucky, but “I think the state’s ready to make it better.”

Kentucky Health News is a service of the Institute for Rural Journalism and Community Issues, based in the School of Journalism and Telecommunications at the University of Kentucky, with support from the Foundation for a Healthy Kentucky.