Five Reasons You Should Get Vaccinated

From the dawn of time, the human population has periodically been decimated by outbreaks of serious disease. In the 1600s, bubonic plague was rife across Europe and millions perished from the disease. The influenza virus has also been a deadly killer over the centuries and even today, people still die from the more serious strains of the flu. But thankfully for mankind, many of the most serious diseases such as yellow fever, typhoid and diphtheria have been all but eradicated as a result of widespread vaccination programmes.

Why Bother With Vaccinations?

Even though serious diseases such as measles and mumps have mostly been vanquished in modern society, they haven't disappeared completely, which is why vaccination programmes are just as vital today as they were a few decades ago. Without protection from vaccinations, you and your family are at risk of serious disease or even death.

Vaccinations Are Safe

Millions of people are vaccinated every year and even though there are inevitably a small number of people who experience bad reactions to the vaccine, vaccinations are considered to be very safe. All vaccines have been rigorously tested and are among the safest types of medicine available today. You could opt out of a vaccination program, but the risk of suffering any side effects from the vaccine is far smaller than your risk of catching a serious disease.

Vaccines Offer Protection to the Vulnerable

All vaccine preventable diseases are serious. If a healthy adult catches a deadly strain of the influenza virus, they are likely to become extremely ill, but if a vulnerable person with a weakened immune system, a child or someone elderly catches the flu, they are far more likely to die as a result of the disease. Vaccinations offer protection to those most at risk of complications or death from serious diseases, so why die needlessly for the sake of a simple injection?

Vaccines Protect Your Family

When the main breadwinner of a family becomes seriously ill from an entirely preventable disease, it puts their family at risk. An ill person cannot work and if the disease causes life changing complications, the end result can be devastating. You might not think you are at risk of catching a disease such as tuberculosis, but these diseases are still out there and people who shun vaccinations are at risk of infection.

Preventable Disease is a Drain on Society

Treating serious diseases such as influenza, typhoid and cholera costs the economy billions every year. The direct medical costs alone are staggering, but when you take into account the indirect costs of preventable diseases such as influenza, which can cause a reasonably healthy person to be off work for up to two weeks, it is not difficult to see just how important vaccination programmes are in modern society.

Children and Vaccinations

There have been many scare stories surrounding childhood vaccinations and many parents have avoided having their child vaccinated. As a result of a lower take-up of some children's vaccination programmes, certain diseases such as measles and mumps have been making an unwanted return. Vaccine preventable childhood diseases can cause long-term and devastating health problems in children, but thanks to effective childhood vaccination programmes, horrible illness such as polio and whooping cough have all but disappeared. However, if parents decide to boycott vaccination programmes for fear of side effects, it won't be long before such diseases start to reappear once again.

Holiday Vaccinations Are Also Important

For most people heading off on their holidays, thoughts of serious illness and disease are the last thing on their mind, but holiday vaccinations are just as important as any other form of immunisation. Diseases such as hepatitis, yellow fever and diphtheria are rife in some parts of the world and if you become infected, you could end up taking home more than a sun tan.

Author: Carlo Pandian is a freelance blogger covering health, well being and medicine. He also reviews private vaccinations services at Blossoms Healthcare and loves involving doctors in Q&A sessions with online patients. When he’s not online, Carlo spend his time visiting London and the contemporary art museums in town.

Cancer has become the leading cause of death among U.S. Latinos

Nosing past heart disease in 2009, researchers at the American Cancer Society reported Monday.

For most demographic groups and for the country as a whole heart disease is the top killer, claiming a total of 599,413 American lives in 2009, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That same year, the most recent year for which statistics are available, 567,628 Americans died of cancer.

Among Latinos that year, the rankings were reversed: 29,935 died of cancer and 29,611 of heart disease, according to a study in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians.

The change may be due to demographics, said Rebecca Siegel, an epidemiologist at the American Cancer Society in Atlanta and lead author of the study.

The average age of Latinos in the United States is 27 and of non-Hispanic whites is 42. In the overall population, cancer is the leading cause of death in people under 85 years of age.

"This is primarily driven by the young age distribution," Siegel said.

Cancer incidence and cancer deaths among Latinos remain lower than in non-Hispanic whites, and rates of both continue to fall due to improvements in lifestyle, early detection and treatment.

At the same time, advances in the treatment of heart disease have caused death rates to fall even faster, Siegel said.

"The overall message is positive," said Dr. Paulo Pinheiro, an epidemiologist at the University of Nevada who wasn't involved with the cancer society's report.

The American Cancer Society undertakes its analysis of cancer in Latinos every three years, compiling data from the National Cancer Institute, the CDC and other government sources.

Latinos are the fastest-growing demographic group in the U.S., the organization said, numbering 50.5 million in 2010 and making up 16.3% of the population.

Siegel and her colleagues estimated that 112,800 new cases of cancer would be diagnosed in Latinos in 2012, and that 33,200 Latinos would die this year from various forms of the disease.

They also examined incidence and mortality of the various cancer subtypes. Latinos are less likely than non-Hispanic white Americans to have the most common forms of cancer in the U.S.: breast, prostate, lung and colorectal.

But they are far more likely to develop forms of cancer that result from infection, including liver cancer (caused by the hepatitis B virus), stomach cancer (associated with the H. Pylori bacterium) and cervical cancer (caused by the human papilloma virus).

Incidence and death rates for cervical cancer, for example, are 50% to 70% higher among Latinas than among non-Hispanic white women, the report noted.

Siegel said the high rates of cervical cancer were a result of lower screening rates among Latinas.

"There's an opportunity there to reduce the risk," she said, adding that the cancer society wants to promote culturally appropriate interventions for Spanish-speaking people.

The longer Latinos are in the U.S., she said, the more they acculturate and the more their cancer risk should resemble that of non-Hispanic whites.

Pinheiro noted that U.S. residents from Mexico have lower cancer rates than people from Cuba or Puerto Rico, in part because they haven't been in the country as long.

He said he would like to see a cancer survey that compared like with like, matching Latinos who were born in the U.S. with their non-Hispanic white counterparts. However, birthplace data currently don't support such analysis.

By Eryn Brown

High rates of tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis B

High rates of tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis B are found in migrants coming to live as long-term residents in Britain, according to a report.

Three-quarters of tuberculosis cases reported in Britain last year were born abroad, with many diagnosed two or more years after their arrival.

Almost two-thirds of newly diagnosed cases of HIV and 80 per cent of hepatitis B infected blood donors in 2010 were born abroad.

The Health Protection Agency (HPA) report says 12 per cent of people living in Britain in 2010 were born abroad - up from 8 per cent in 2001.

'A small proportion of the non-UK born residents bear the greatest burden of infectious disease reported in the UK,' it says.

The report found that half of migrants with newly diagnosed HIV had probably become infected in Britain.
Migrants going back to visit family and friends are the 'main risk group' for infections such as malaria and enteric fever diagnosed in Britain, it reports.

Almost two-thirds of malaria cases reported here last year and 87 per cent of enteric fever cases were among migrants who travelled abroad to visit friends and relatives, said the agency.

Dr Jane Jones, head of the travel and migrant section at HPA, said: 'The majority of non-UK born residents do not have infectious disease but some are at higher risk than UK-born residents because of their exposures and their life experiences prior to, during and after migration.

'It is important to remember that risk to non-UK born residents does not end on arrival in the UK,' she added.

By JENNY HOPE